The key point of coconut oil weight loss information: overweight people lose weight with coconut oil and underweight people gain weight. This may be due to coconut oil thyroid effects that normalize thyroid function and metabolism.
Coconut oil benefits both overweight and underweight people because it:
Overweight people can lose weight either by replacing other
oils (such as cooking oil or oil in junk food) with coconut oil, or by
adding coconut oil to meals, as discussed by naturopathic doctor and
coconut expert Bruce Fife in
The Coconut Oil Miracle
and
Coconut Cures.
The weight loss program in
Eat Fat Lose Fat,
by Mary Enig and Sally Fallon, requires the consumption of healthy fats
including coconut oil, and extra coconut oil with each meal.
Coconut oil weight loss effects are not caused by starving the body. (This is immediately apparent from the taste and enjoyment of consuming coconut oil!)
A form of coconut oil, MCT oil, is in fact used to treat malnourishment.
MCT oil is fractionated coconut oil. (MCT stands for "medium-chain triglycerides.") It consists of four fatty acids from coconut oil: caproic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, and lauric acid, in different proportions than in coconut oil. (This is for the convenience of industry, which uses lauric acid in soap manufacture.) Coconut oil could just as well be used, but MCT oil is the derived product available for hospital use.
The following article is a review of the clinical use of MCT oil for many different conditions and diseases. These include digestive malabsorption, gallbladder disease, post-surgical patients, undernourishment, epilepsy, disorders of lipid metabolism, and obesity.
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition: Medium-Chain Triglycerides: An Update
The following studies focus on MCT oil, derived from coconut oil. One can generalize to coconut oil, as noted above.
Metabolism increases with the use of MCT oil, but science seems to be uncertain about the mechanism. However, the evidence suggests a role in weight loss that would be interesting to pharmaceutical companies. The following article is a review of studies and experiments about these effects.
The Journal of Nutrition:
Physiological Effects of Medium-Chain Triglycerides: Potential Agents in the Prevention of Obesity
The following study seems to create the conditions suggested by Bruce
Fife and Mary Enig to replace typical dietary oils with coconut oil.
In this three-month study, the same prepared foods were given to all subjects for all meals, with the sole difference that the bread given for breakfast was made either with an MCT oil or with vegetable oil (soybean and rapeseed [canola] oil) that contained long-chain triglycerides (LCTs) but no MCTs. The LCT vegetable oil used in the study are same oils commonly used in American foods.
The prepared-food diet was such that all subjects lost weight. But, the overweight subjects eating the MCT bread lost significantly more weight and body fat than the overweight subjects eating the LCT bread.
The non-overweight subjects eating the MCT bread lost more visceral fat (evidently, abnormal fatty deposits) than the non-overweight subjects eating the LCT bread did.
The Journal of Nutrition:
Dietary
Medium-Chain Triacylglycerols Suppress Accumulation of Body Fat in a
Double-Blind, Controlled Trial in Healthy Men and Women
This same research group concludes that the result is due to fat
metabolism differences between the overweight and the non-overweight.
The Journal of Medical Investigation: Research on the Nutritional Characteristics of Medium-Chain Fatty Acids
Eat Fat Lose Fat by Mary Enig and Sally Fallon - More than a weight loss program.
The Coconut Oil Miracle by Bruce Fife - An introduction to coconut oil.
Coconut Cures by Bruce Fife - all about coconut oil and coconut products.